Photo 51

Photo 51: Pivotal Evidence in Unraveling DNA Structure

Photo 51, the X-ray diffraction image of DNA

Photo 51 is an X-ray diffraction image that played a critical role in discovering the double helix structure of DNA. Taken by Raymond Gosling, a graduate student under the supervision of Rosalind Franklin, in May 1952 at King's College London, this image was a significant piece of evidence in understanding DNA's molecular structure.

Background and Creation

• Research at King's College London

Working in Sir John Randall's group at King's College London, Rosalind Franklin and Raymond Gosling focused on X-ray crystallography, a technique to visualize molecular structures. Photo 51 was created as part of their research on DNA fibers.

• Process of X-ray Diffraction

X-ray crystallography laboratory setup

The photograph was produced by exposing a paracrystalline gel composed of DNA fibers to X-ray diffraction. The pattern captured on the image was due to the arrangement of DNA molecules in the gel.

Significance in DNA Research

Photo 51 was the 51st diffraction photograph taken by Franklin and Gosling. Its clarity and detail were crucial in deducing the double helix structure of DNA, a groundbreaking discovery in molecular biology.

Contribution to the Double Helix Model

The photograph provided critical insights into the helical structure of DNA, which were instrumental in the development of the double helix model by James Watson and Francis Crick.

Legacy and Recognition

• Rosalind Franklin's Contribution

While Franklin's contribution was initially overlooked, her role in the discovery of DNA's structure has gained recognition over time. Photo 51 stands as a testament to her significant scientific contributions.

• Ethical Controversy

The use of Photo 51 by Watson and Crick, without Franklin's direct permission, has been a subject of ethical debate in scientific research.

Impact on Science and Medicine

The understanding of DNA's structure paved the way for numerous advances in genetics, biology, and medicine, revolutionizing scientific research and medical treatments.

See Also

• Rosalind Franklin
• X-ray crystallography
• DNA

External Links

• King's College London - Rosalind Franklin's Research
• PBS - The Secret of Photo 51 Documentary

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