Petrology
Petrology
Petrology (pronounced: /pɛˈtrɒlədʒi/) is a branch of geology that studies rocks and the conditions under which they form. The term is derived from the Greek words petra meaning "rock" and logia meaning "study of".
Petrology has three subdivisions: igneous petrology, sedimentary petrology, and metamorphic petrology, each of which studies the processes and rocks associated with these three major categories of rock formation.
Igneous Petrology
Igneous petrology focuses on the study of igneous rocks, such as basalt and granite. These rocks form through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The study of igneous petrology is important for understanding the Earth's mantle and crust.
Sedimentary Petrology
Sedimentary petrology is the study of sedimentary rocks and the processes by which they are formed. These rocks are formed from the accumulation of sediment, such as sand, silt, and clay, which is compacted and cemented over time to form solid rock.
Metamorphic Petrology
Metamorphic petrology involves the study of metamorphic rocks, which are formed from the transformation of existing rock types in a process called metamorphism. This process involves the rock being subjected to heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids, which change the original rock into a new type of rock.
See Also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Petrology
- Wikipedia's article - Petrology
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