Perchloric acid

Overview

Perchloric acid 60% solution

Perchloric acid is a mineral acid with the formula HClO_. It is a colorless liquid that is usually encountered as an aqueous solution. This compound is a stronger acid than sulfuric and nitric acids and is one of the strongest Brønsted-Lowry acids. Perchloric acid is a powerful oxidizer when hot, but its aqueous solutions up to approximately 70% by weight are generally safe, exhibiting only weak oxidizing properties.

Properties

Perchloric acid is a highly corrosive substance and can be dangerous if not handled properly. It is a strong acid and a powerful oxidizing agent, especially at high concentrations. The acid is hygroscopic and readily absorbs water from the air, forming a stable aqueous solution.

Uses

Perchloric acid is used in a variety of applications:

• As a precursor for ammonium perchlorate, which is used as a rocket propellant.
• In analytical chemistry, it is used for preparing perchlorate salts, which are often more soluble than the corresponding chlorides.
• It is used in the etching of liquid crystal displays (LCDs).

Safety

Due to its strong oxidizing properties, perchloric acid can be hazardous. It can react violently with organic materials and other reducing agents. Proper safety measures, including the use of fume hoods and personal protective equipment, are essential when handling this chemical.

Handling and Storage

Perchloric acid should be stored in a cool, dry place away from any organic materials or reducing agents. Containers should be kept tightly closed and stored in a well-ventilated area. It is important to use materials that are resistant to corrosion when storing perchloric acid.

Related pages

• Chloric acid
• Hydrochloric acid
• Sulfuric acid
• Nitric acid