Pentosan polysulfate

A medication used to treat interstitial cystitis and other conditions

Chemical structure of pentosan polysulfate

Pentosan polysulfate is a medication primarily used for the treatment of interstitial cystitis, a chronic condition characterized by bladder pain and frequent urination. It is a semi-synthetic polysaccharide derived from beechwood hemicellulose and is classified as a low molecular weight heparinoid.

Mechanism of Action

Pentosan polysulfate works by adhering to the bladder wall, forming a protective layer that prevents irritating substances in the urine from reaching the bladder wall. This action helps to reduce pain and discomfort associated with interstitial cystitis. Additionally, pentosan polysulfate has anticoagulant properties, similar to heparin, which may contribute to its therapeutic effects.

Medical Uses

Pentosan polysulfate is primarily indicated for the relief of bladder pain or discomfort associated with interstitial cystitis. It is also being studied for potential use in other conditions, such as osteoarthritis and thrombosis, due to its anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties.

Administration

Pentosan polysulfate is administered orally in the form of capsules. The typical dosage involves taking the medication three times a day, at least one hour before or two hours after meals, to ensure optimal absorption.

Side Effects

Common side effects of pentosan polysulfate include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Some patients may experience hair loss, headache, or dizziness. Rare but serious side effects include bleeding complications due to its anticoagulant effects.

Contraindications

Pentosan polysulfate should be used with caution in patients with bleeding disorders or those taking anticoagulant medications. It is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components.

Research and Development

Research is ongoing to explore additional therapeutic applications of pentosan polysulfate. Studies are investigating its potential benefits in treating osteoarthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis.

Related pages

• Interstitial cystitis
• Heparin
• Osteoarthritis
• Thrombosis