Parotid gland

Parotid Gland

The Parotid Gland (/pəˈrɒtɪd/; from Greek parotis, "near the ear") is the largest of the salivary glands in humans. It is a bilateral structure, with one gland located on each side of the face, in front of the ears.

Anatomy

The Parotid Gland is wrapped around the mandibular ramus, and secretes saliva through the parotid duct (also known as Stensen's duct) into the mouth, to facilitate mastication and swallowing, and to begin the digestion of starches.

Function

The primary function of the Parotid Gland is the production of saliva. This saliva contains enzymes, such as amylase and lipase, that initiate the breakdown of food. The Parotid Gland produces a serous, watery secretion, which is rich in amylase.

Clinical Significance

Diseases of the Parotid Gland can have significant health impacts. Parotitis, or inflammation of the Parotid Gland, is a common condition that can be caused by various factors, including bacterial or viral infections, such as mumps. Parotid gland tumors are also a significant health concern, with the majority being benign, but some being malignant.

Etymology

The term "Parotid" is derived from the Greek parotis, meaning "near the ear". This is a reference to the gland's location on the face, in front of the ears.

Related Terms

• Salivary gland
• Parotid duct
• Parotitis
• Parotid gland tumors
• Mumps
• Amylase
• Lipase

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Parotid gland
• Wikipedia's article - Parotid gland

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