P wave
P Wave
P wave (/pi: weɪv/), in the field of Cardiology, refers to the first positive deflection on an Electrocardiogram (ECG) that represents atrial depolarization.
Etymology
The term "P wave" originates from the Latin word 'pulsus' which means 'beat'. In the context of an ECG, it refers to the 'beat' or electrical activity of the atria.
Definition
The P wave is a crucial component of the Cardiac cycle. It is the first wave in the cycle and represents the electrical activity associated with the contraction of the atria, or atrial depolarization. This occurs before the atria contract and pump blood into the ventricles.
Characteristics
The P wave typically lasts between 0.06 and 0.12 seconds and is less than 2.5 mm in height. Its shape is usually smooth and rounded. Variations in the P wave can indicate different Cardiac arrhythmias or other heart conditions.
Related Terms
- QRS complex: The QRS complex follows the P wave on an ECG and represents ventricular depolarization.
- T wave: The T wave is the representation of ventricular repolarization on an ECG.
- PR interval: The PR interval is the time from the onset of the P wave to the start of the QRS complex. It represents the time taken for the electrical impulse to travel from the sinus node through the AV node.
- Sinus rhythm: A sinus rhythm is a normal heart rhythm that originates from the sinus node. It is characterized by a regular rate and rhythm with normal P waves.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on P wave
- Wikipedia's article - P wave
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