P150 95 integrin alpha chain

The P150^95 Integrin Alpha-X Chain, commonly referred to as integrin alpha-x, is a large protein composed of 1163 amino acids and has an approximate molecular weight of 128 kDa. The human ITGAX gene is responsible for encoding this protein. Integrin alpha-x plays a pivotal role in cell-matrix interactions, mediating cell adhesion, and is essential for integrin signaling pathways that impact various cellular functions.

Structure

The integrin alpha-x is a transmembrane glycoprotein. Its 1163 amino acids result in a protein that has both extracellular and intracellular domains. The extracellular domain facilitates interactions with specific ligands, while the intracellular domain interacts with the cell's cytoskeleton and signaling proteins.

Function

• Cell Adhesion: Integrin alpha-x, in conjunction with other integrin subunits, facilitates the adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix, a vital process for tissue integrity and cellular migration.
• Integrin Signaling: By relaying extracellular signals into the cell, integrin alpha-x is involved in various cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, and survival.

Role in Health and Disease

Integrin alpha-x is implicated in various physiological and pathological processes:

• Immune Response: Integrin alpha-x can be found on the surface of certain immune cells, playing a role in the immune response, especially in the phagocytosis of complement-coated particles.
• Tissue Repair: In wound healing, integrin-mediated interactions are essential for cell migration and tissue regeneration.
• Pathological Conditions: Dysregulation or mutations in the ITGAX gene or the protein it encodes can be associated with certain diseases or conditions, though further research is needed to elucidate these relationships fully.

Related Proteins

Integrin alpha-x is one among a family of integrin proteins. These proteins often work in pairs, combining alpha and beta subunits to form heterodimeric receptors with specific ligand affinities.

See the main article on integrin alpha-x for more detailed information.

Research and Clinical Implications

Given its central role in cell-matrix interactions and signaling, integrin alpha-x has been a focus of scientific research. Understanding its function can provide insights into therapeutic strategies for diseases related to cell adhesion and signaling dysregulation.

References

Integrins: Molecular and Biological Responses to the Extracellular Matrix. Davis, G. E. (1992). Academic Press.

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