Orbital gyri

Orbital gyri are a group of gyri located on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe in the human brain. They are part of the prefrontal cortex, which is involved in decision-making and executive functions. The term "orbital" refers to their location above the eye sockets (or orbits).

Etymology

The term "gyri" comes from the Greek word "gyrus" which means circle or ring. The term "orbital" is derived from the Latin word "orbita" which means track or path, referring to the location of these gyri above the orbits (eye sockets).

Structure

The orbital gyri are divided into three parts: the medial orbital gyrus, the anterior orbital gyrus, and the posterior orbital gyrus. These gyri are separated by the H-shaped orbital sulcus.

Function

The orbital gyri are involved in various cognitive functions, including decision-making, impulse control, and reward processing. They are also implicated in several psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder.

Clinical significance

Damage to the orbital gyri can result in various neurological and psychiatric disorders. For example, lesions in this area can lead to orbitofrontal cortex syndrome, which is characterized by disinhibition, impulsivity, and socially inappropriate behavior.

See also

• Frontal lobe
• Prefrontal cortex
• Gyrus
• Orbitofrontal cortex syndrome

References

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Orbital_gyri

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  Cerebral gyri on the inferior surface
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  Gray's anatomy illustration of the orbital gyrus
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  Animation of the orbital gyrus
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  Basal view of the frontal lobe
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  Slide showing the orbital gyri
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  Orbital gyrus viewed from the bottom
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  Tuberculous leptomeningitis affecting the brain