Ocular prosthesis
Ocular Prosthesis
An ocular prosthesis (pronunciation: ok-yuh-lar pros-thee-sis), also known as an artificial eye or glass eye, is a type of prosthesis that replaces an absent natural eye following an enucleation, evisceration, or orbital exenteration. The prosthesis fits over an orbital implant and under the eyelid. Although often referred to as a glass eye, the ocular prosthesis roughly takes the shape of a convex shell and is made of medical grade plastic acrylic.
Etymology
The term "ocular" comes from the Latin word "oculus" meaning "eye", and "prosthesis" is derived from the Ancient Greek word "prostithenai" meaning "to add to, or append".
History
The concept of ocular prosthesis has been present since the Ancient Egyptian times, where records show the use of painted clay attached to cloth to mimic the appearance of an eye. Modern ocular prosthetics have been in use since the 19th century with the advent of moulding techniques and the use of new materials like glass and plastic.
Types
There are two types of ocular prosthesis:
- Implant ocular prosthesis: This is surgically implanted and is usually made of porous material that allows tissue integration.
- Explant ocular prosthesis: This is a removable prosthesis that is custom made for the patient's eye socket.
Related Terms
- Enucleation: The surgical removal of the eye that leaves the eye muscles and remaining orbital contents intact.
- Evisceration: A surgical procedure to remove the contents of the eye, but leaving the scleral shell and extraocular muscles intact.
- Orbital exenteration: A surgical procedure that removes the eye, including the eyelids, and all the adjacent structures of the eye socket.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Ocular prosthesis
- Wikipedia's article - Ocular prosthesis
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