Nutritional genomics

Nutritional Genomics

Nutritional genomics, also known as nutrigenomics (pronounced: noo-tri-ge-no-mix), is a field of research that studies the relationship between human genome, nutrition, and health. It can be traced back to the early 21st century, with the term 'nutrigenomics' being coined in 2001.

Definition

Nutritional genomics is a science studying the relationship between human genome, human nutrition and health. It aims to understand how the whole body responds to a food via systems biology, as well as single gene/single food compound relationships.

History and Etymology

The term "nutrigenomics" was first coined in 2001, combining the Latin nutrire (to feed) and genom (the complete set of genes in a person or other organism). The field has grown rapidly with advances in technology and the completion of the Human Genome Project.

Principles

Nutritional genomics operates on two principles:

1. Bioindividuality: Due to genetic variation, nutritional requirements can vary from person to person.
2. Gene expression: Certain nutrients can affect gene expression and health outcomes.

Applications

Nutritional genomics has potential applications in several areas, including:

1. Dietetics: Personalized nutrition plans based on an individual's genetic makeup.
2. Pharmacogenomics: Understanding how diet can impact drug efficacy and toxicity.
3. Public health: Developing public health recommendations based on population genetics.

Related Terms

• Genomics: The study of the genomes of organisms.
• Nutrigenetics: The study of how genetic variation affects response to nutrients.
• Epigenetics: The study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself.

See Also

• Functional food
• Precision nutrition
• Metabolomics
• Proteomics

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Nutritional genomics
• Wikipedia's article - Nutritional genomics

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