North Sumatra

Province of Indonesia

   Coordinates:
   
       2°0 
       N°99
   

North Sumatra (Indonesian: Sumatera Utara) is a province located on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia. It is bordered by the provinces of Aceh to the northwest and West Sumatra to the southeast. The capital of North Sumatra is Medan, which is also the largest city in the province.

History

Traditional stone moving ceremony in Nias, North Sumatra

The history of North Sumatra is rich and diverse, with influences from various cultures and empires. The region was historically part of the Srivijaya and Majapahit empires. During the colonial period, it was an important area for the Dutch East Indies, particularly for its plantations.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, North Sumatra became a center for the production of tobacco, rubber, and palm oil, which attracted many immigrants from other parts of Indonesia and abroad.

Geography

North Sumatra is characterized by its diverse geography, which includes mountains, forests, and coastal areas. The province is home to Lake Toba, the largest volcanic lake in the world, and the Barisan Mountains, which run along the western side of the island.

Demographics

The population of North Sumatra is diverse, with a mix of ethnic groups including the Batak, Malay, Javanese, and Chinese Indonesians. The Batak people are indigenous to the region and are known for their unique culture and traditions.

Culture

Batak sculpture group in North Sumatra

The culture of North Sumatra is a blend of indigenous traditions and influences from other parts of Indonesia and the world. The Batak people, in particular, have a rich cultural heritage that includes traditional music, dance, and crafts.

Economy

The economy of North Sumatra is largely based on agriculture, with major products including palm oil, rubber, and coffee. The province also has a growing industrial sector, particularly in the capital city of Medan.

Tourism

North Sumatra is a popular tourist destination, known for its natural beauty and cultural attractions. Lake Toba is a major draw for visitors, as are the traditional Batak villages and the city of Medan.

Notable Figures

Sisingamangaraja XII, a Batak king and national hero

North Sumatra has produced several notable figures in Indonesian history, including Sisingamangaraja XII, a Batak king who resisted Dutch colonial rule.

Related pages

• Medan
• Lake Toba
• Batak people
• Sumatra