Nodule (medicine)

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Nodule
Synonyms	Nodular lesion
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Lump, swelling, pain
Complications	Infection, malignancy
Onset	Varies depending on cause
Duration	Can be temporary or persistent
Types	N/A
Causes	Inflammation, infection, neoplasm
Risks	Smoking, exposure to radiation, genetic predisposition
Diagnosis	Physical examination, imaging studies, biopsy
Differential diagnosis	Cyst, tumor, abscess
Prevention	Depends on underlying cause
Treatment	Observation, surgical removal, medication
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Depends on underlying cause and treatment
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Dermatofibroma

CT of thyroid colloid nodule with calcification

Peripheral bronchial carcinoma

Superficial subcutaneous lipoma

A nodule in medicine is a growth of abnormal tissue. Nodules can develop just below the skin. They can also develop in deeper skin tissues or internal organs.

Definition

The American Heritage Dictionary defines a nodule as a small knot, protuberance, or swelling. In medicine, a nodule is a solid, spherical, abnormal growth, or lump, of tissue that is present in or on the body. It is less than 2 cm (0.8 inches) in size. If the lesion is larger than 2 cm, it is referred to as a tumor.

Causes

Nodules can be caused by a variety of conditions, including infections, inflammation, tumors or neoplasms. The type of cells involved can also differ, ranging from epithelial cells to fat cells.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of a nodule depends on the location of the nodule. For example, a nodule on the skin or under the skin can often be diagnosed by physical examination. However, a nodule in an internal organ usually requires imaging tests for diagnosis.

Treatment

The treatment of a nodule depends on the cause. Some nodules will resolve spontaneously and require no treatment. Others may require surgical removal or medical treatment.

See also

• Cyst
• Tumor
• Lesion