Nepetalactone

Nepetalactone is a organic compound found in the Nepeta genus, particularly in the species Nepeta cataria, commonly known as catnip. It is a bicyclic monoterpene that acts as a cat attractant. Nepetalactone is also found in several other plants, including some species of Mentha, or mint.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Nepetalactone is a bicyclic monoterpene that consists of a cyclopentane ring fused to a lactone. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature and has a strong, pungent odor. The compound is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and diethyl ether.

Biological Effects

Nepetalactone is best known for its effect on cats. It acts as a cat attractant, causing a variety of behaviors such as rolling, pawing, and purring. The compound binds to the olfactory receptors in a cat's nose, triggering a response in the brain that is similar to a cat's natural mating behaviors. However, not all cats are affected by nepetalactone; the sensitivity to this compound is inherited, and about 30% of cats do not respond to it.

In addition to its effects on cats, nepetalactone has been found to have insecticidal and repellent properties. It is effective against certain insects, including mosquitoes, cockroaches, and termites.

Uses

Nepetalactone is primarily used in cat toys and catnip products. It is also used in some insect repellents due to its insecticidal properties.

See Also

• Catnip
• Monoterpene
• Insect repellent

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