Myeloperoxidase

Myeloperoxidase (pronounced: my-uh-lo-per-ox-i-dase), often abbreviated as MPO, is an enzyme most abundantly present in neutrophil granulocytes, a type of white blood cell. It is a lysosomal protein stored in azurophilic granules of the neutrophil and released into the extracellular space during degranulation.

Etymology

The term "Myeloperoxidase" is derived from the Greek words 'myelos' meaning marrow, 'pero' meaning over or beyond, and 'oxidase' referring to the catalytic activity of the enzyme.

Function

Myeloperoxidase plays a crucial role in the immune response, where it produces hypochlorous acid (HOCl) from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and chloride anion (Cl-) during the respiratory burst to kill engulfed microorganisms.

Clinical Significance

Abnormal levels of MPO are found in various diseases such as leukemia, rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis, some forms of kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. In particular, MPO has been used as a diagnostic marker in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Related Terms

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Myeloperoxidase
Wikipedia's article - Myeloperoxidase

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Myeloperoxidase