Psoas major muscle

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==Psoas Major Muscle ==

The psoas major muscle is a long, fusiform muscle located in the lumbar region of the vertebral column and the pelvic region. It is one of the muscles that make up the iliopsoas group, along with the iliacus muscle.

Anatomy

The psoas major muscle originates from the transverse processes, bodies, and intervertebral discs of the T12 to L5 vertebrae. It descends through the pelvis, passing beneath the inguinal ligament, and inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur.

Function

The primary function of the psoas major muscle is to flex the hip joint and lift the upper leg towards the body. It also plays a role in lateral rotation and adduction of the hip. Additionally, the psoas major muscle assists in stabilizing the lumbar spine and maintaining posture.

Innervation

The psoas major muscle is innervated by branches of the lumbar plexus, specifically the L1, L2, and L3 nerves.

Blood Supply

The blood supply to the psoas major muscle is primarily provided by the lumbar arteries and the iliolumbar artery.

Clinical Significance

The psoas major muscle can be involved in various medical conditions, such as psoas syndrome, which is characterized by pain and discomfort in the lower back and hip region. Tightness or spasm of the psoas major muscle can also contribute to lower back pain and postural imbalances.

Related Muscles

• Iliacus muscle
• Psoas minor muscle
• Quadratus lumborum muscle
• Rectus femoris muscle

See Also

• Iliopsoas
• Hip flexors
• Lumbar plexus
• Muscles of the hip

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