Muscular
Muscular System
The Muscular System (pronunciation: /ˈmʌskjʊlər ˈsɪstəm/) is a complex network of tissues that facilitate body movement and maintain posture. It is composed of three types of muscles: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle.
Etymology
The term "muscular" is derived from the Latin word "musculus," which means "little mouse." This is likely due to the appearance of muscles contracting under the skin, which resembles the movement of a mouse. The term "system" comes from the Latin word "systema," meaning "an organized whole."
Skeletal Muscle
Skeletal muscle (pronunciation: /ˈskɛlɪtl ˈmʌsl̩/) is a type of muscle that is attached to the skeleton. It is responsible for voluntary movements and is controlled by the nervous system.
Cardiac Muscle
Cardiac muscle (pronunciation: /kɑːrˈdiæk ˈmʌsl̩/) is a type of muscle found only in the heart. It is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body and is controlled by the autonomic nervous system.
Smooth Muscle
Smooth muscle (pronunciation: /smuːð ˈmʌsl̩/) is a type of muscle found in the walls of organs and structures such as the esophagus, stomach, intestines, bronchi, uterus, urethra, blood vessels, and the arrector pili in the skin. It is responsible for involuntary movements and is controlled by the autonomous nervous system.
Related Terms
- Muscle fiber: The individual muscle cell.
- Myofibril: A basic rod-like unit of a muscle cell.
- Sarcomere: The functional unit of a myofibril.
- Actin and Myosin: The two proteins that interact to cause muscle contraction.
- Tendon: A flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Muscular
- Wikipedia's article - Muscular
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