Monensin

Monensin is a polyether antibiotic that is derived from the bacterium Streptomyces cinnamonensis. It is a type of Ionophore that is primarily used in veterinary medicine, particularly in the poultry and cattle industries. Monensin works by altering ion transport across cellular membranes, which can have a variety of effects on the organism.

Etymology

The term "Monensin" is derived from the genus name of the bacterium from which it is isolated, Streptomyces cinnamonensis. The suffix "-sin" is commonly used in the naming of antibiotics.

Uses

Monensin is primarily used as a Coccidiostat in poultry farming. It is also used as a growth promoter in cattle farming, as it improves feed efficiency and increases milk production. In addition, monensin has been found to have antiviral and anticancer properties, although these uses are still under investigation.

Mechanism of Action

Monensin works by forming complexes with certain ions, particularly sodium and potassium, and transporting them across cellular membranes. This disrupts the normal ion balance within the cell, which can inhibit the growth of certain organisms or cause them to die.

Side Effects

The use of monensin in animals can lead to a number of side effects, including reduced feed intake, decreased weight gain, and in severe cases, death. In humans, exposure to monensin can cause irritation of the skin and eyes, and ingestion can lead to nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

Related Terms

• Ionophore
• Coccidiostat
• Streptomyces cinnamonensis

See Also

• Antibiotics in animal feed
• Veterinary medicine

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