Milk allergy

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Milk allergy
Glass of Milk (33657535532).jpg
Synonyms N/A
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Hives, wheezing, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain
Complications N/A
Onset Often in infancy
Duration Can be lifelong or resolve in childhood
Types N/A
Causes Immune system reaction to milk proteins
Risks Family history of allergies
Diagnosis Skin prick test, blood test for IgE antibodies
Differential diagnosis Lactose intolerance, food intolerance
Prevention Avoidance of milk and dairy products
Treatment Antihistamines, epinephrine for severe reactions
Medication N/A
Prognosis N/A
Frequency Affects 2-3% of infants
Deaths N/A


Milk allergy is a food allergy where an individual's immune system reacts abnormally to milk and products containing milk. It's one of the most common food allergies in children. Cow's milk is the usual cause, but sheep's, goat's, buffalo's and other mammals' milk can also cause a reaction.

Symptoms

Milk allergy symptoms, which can start within minutes or hours after consuming milk, can range from mild to severe and can include:

Causes

A milk allergy occurs when the immune system mistakenly sees the milk protein as something the body needs to fight off. When the individual consumes milk, the body releases chemicals like histamine, which cause allergy symptoms.

Diagnosis

Milk allergy can be diagnosed by a medical professional through a skin test or a blood test. A food challenge and a trial elimination diet may also be used for diagnosis.

Treatment

The best way to prevent an allergic reaction is to avoid milk and milk products. Medications, such as antihistamines, may reduce the allergic reactions. In severe cases, emergency treatment is necessary.

See also

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PubMed
Wikipedia
Signs and Symptoms of Anaphylaxis
Skin Prick Testing for Allergies
Hydrolysis of Lactose
EpiPen
US Allergen Information Example
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD