Microgyria
Microgyria
Microgyria (pronounced: mi-cro-gy-ria) is a condition characterized by abnormal development of the cerebral cortex in the brain. The term is derived from the Greek words 'micros' meaning small and 'gyros' meaning circle.
Etymology
The term "Microgyria" is derived from the Greek words 'micros' meaning small and 'gyros' meaning circle. It refers to the small and underdeveloped gyri, or ridges, on the surface of the brain.
Definition
Microgyria is a malformation of the cerebral cortex in which the normal gyri (ridges) are replaced by numerous small, irregularly shaped gyri. This results in a rough, pebbled appearance of the brain's surface.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Microgyria can vary greatly depending on the severity and location of the malformation. Common symptoms may include developmental delay, seizures, intellectual disability, and problems with motor control.
Causes
The exact cause of Microgyria is not known. However, it is believed to be due to disruptions in the normal development of the cerebral cortex during pregnancy. This could be due to genetic factors, infections, or other environmental factors.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Microgyria is typically made through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. This can reveal the characteristic small, irregular gyri of the condition.
Treatment
There is currently no cure for Microgyria. Treatment is focused on managing symptoms and may include medications to control seizures, physical therapy to improve motor control, and special education services to address developmental delays and intellectual disability.
Related Terms
- Polymicrogyria: A more severe form of Microgyria, characterized by numerous small gyri and a thickened cerebral cortex.
- Lissencephaly: A condition characterized by a lack of normal gyri in the cerebral cortex.
- Pachygyria: A condition characterized by fewer and abnormally broad gyri in the cerebral cortex.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Microgyria
- Wikipedia's article - Microgyria
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