Microarray technology
Microarray Technology
Microarray technology (pronunciation: /ˈmaɪkrəʊəˌreɪ tɛkˈnɒlədʒi/) is a high-throughput method used in molecular biology and in medicine to simultaneously assess the expression levels of thousands of genes. The technology has revolutionized genomics by making it possible to monitor the entire genome on a single chip.
Etymology
The term "microarray" is derived from "micro", a prefix in the metric system denoting a factor of 10^-6, and "array", which refers to an orderly arrangement of similar objects. The technology was named for its use of a small chip to organize and analyze a large amount of genetic material.
Types of Microarray Technology
There are several types of microarray technology, including DNA microarray, protein microarray, tissue microarray, and cellular microarray. Each type uses a different kind of biological sample to study different aspects of the genome.
DNA Microarray
A DNA microarray is a type of microarray technology that is used to detect the expression of thousands of genes at once. This technology can be used to compare gene expression in different cell types or under different conditions.
Protein Microarray
A protein microarray is a high-throughput method used to track the interactions and activities of proteins, and to determine their function. Protein microarrays are used in proteomics research.
Tissue Microarray
A tissue microarray is a high-throughput method used to conduct large-scale analysis of many specimens at once. This technology is often used in cancer research.
Cellular Microarray
A cellular microarray is a type of microarray that allows for the simultaneous analysis of large numbers of cells. This technology is used in cell biology research.
Applications
Microarray technology has a wide range of applications in various fields such as genomics, oncology, pharmacogenomics, and comparative genomics. It is also used in the development of personalized medicine.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Microarray technology
- Wikipedia's article - Microarray technology
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