Metabolic syndrome X
Metabolic Syndrome X
Metabolic Syndrome X (pronounced: meh-tuh-bol-ik sin-drome eks), also known as Insulin Resistance Syndrome or Syndrome X, is a cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes.
Etymology
The term "Metabolic Syndrome X" was first coined by Gerald Reaven in 1988 during his Banting Lecture. The 'X' signifies the unknown factors causing metabolic resistance.
Definition
Metabolic Syndrome X is defined by a set of interconnected physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic factors that directly increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and all cause mortality.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Metabolic Syndrome X include central obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high serum triglycerides, and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome X is made when a patient exhibits at least three of the five symptoms. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) have proposed slightly different criteria for diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment for Metabolic Syndrome X typically involves lifestyle modifications such as increased physical activity, dietary changes, and weight loss. In some cases, medication may be necessary to control high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and high cholesterol.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Metabolic syndrome X
- Wikipedia's article - Metabolic syndrome X
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