Melanosis coli

Melanosis Coli

Melanosis coli (pronunciation: mel-uh-NOH-sis KOH-lee) is a condition characterized by the dark pigmentation of the colon.

Etymology

The term "Melanosis" is derived from the Greek word "melas", meaning black, and "osis", meaning condition. "Coli" is derived from the Latin word "colon", referring to the large intestine.

Definition

Melanosis coli is a benign, reversible condition, often associated with prolonged use of anthraquinone laxatives. It is characterized by the dark brown to black discoloration of the cells lining the colon, caused by the accumulation of a pigment known as lipofuscin in the lamina propria and macrophages.

Symptoms

Melanosis coli does not typically present with any specific symptoms. It is often discovered incidentally during a colonoscopy or other diagnostic procedures.

Causes

The primary cause of melanosis coli is the long-term use of anthraquinone laxatives, such as senna, cascara, and rhubarb. These laxatives contain compounds that are converted into reactive anthrones in the colon, leading to the accumulation of lipofuscin pigment.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of melanosis coli is typically made during a colonoscopy, where the dark pigmentation of the colon can be visually observed. A biopsy may be taken to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for melanosis coli involves discontinuing the use of anthraquinone laxatives. The pigmentation of the colon typically returns to normal within a year of cessation.

Related Terms

• Anthraquinone
• Laxative
• Colonoscopy
• Lamina propria
• Senna
• Cascara
• Rhubarb

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Melanosis coli
• Wikipedia's article - Melanosis coli

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