Matrix metalloproteinase

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) are a group of enzymes that, in concert with other enzymes, help to degrade the extracellular matrix. They are involved in many biological processes, including embryogenesis, normal tissue remodeling, wound healing, and disease processes such as arthritis and metastasis.

Structure

MMPs are part of the metzincin superfamily of zinc-dependent proteases. They are characterized by the presence of a highly conserved zinc-binding site in the catalytic domain, and a "Met-turn" structure that provides the correct orientation for catalysis.

Function

MMPs are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. They are also thought to play a major role in cell behaviors such as cell proliferation, migration (adhesion/dispersion), differentiation, apoptosis, and host defense.

Clinical significance

MMPs are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of diseases such as arthritis, chronic ulcers, encephalomyelitis and cancer. They are also considered as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of these diseases.

See also

• Extracellular matrix
• Enzyme
• Arthritis
• Metastasis

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References

External links

• Matrix metalloproteinase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• HGNC Gene Family: Matrix metalloproteinases

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  Structure of MMP9 protein

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  Overview of Matrix Metalloproteinases

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  Mutual activation of MMPs