Mathematician

Mathematician

A mathematician is a person who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematics is concerned with numbers, data, quantity, structure, space, models, and change.

History

The history of mathematics can be seen as an ever-increasing series of abstractions. The first abstraction, which is shared by many animals, was probably that of numbers: the realization that a collection of two apples and a collection of two oranges (for example) have something in common, namely quantity of their members.

Fields of Specialization

Mathematicians are typically grouped into two main categories: pure mathematicians, who conduct research to expand the boundaries of mathematical knowledge, and applied mathematicians, who apply mathematical methods to solve practical problems in business, government, engineering, and the sciences.

Pure Mathematics

Pure mathematics is mathematics that studies entirely abstract concepts. From the eighteenth century onwards, this was a recognized category of mathematical activity, sometimes characterized as speculative mathematics.

Applied Mathematics

Applied mathematics involves the application of mathematics to problems which originate in the physical, biological, or social sciences. Applied mathematicians require expertise in many areas of mathematics and science, physical intuition, common sense, and collaboration.

Notable Mathematicians

Throughout history, there have been many notable mathematicians who have made significant contributions to various fields within mathematics. These include, but are not limited to, Euclid, Isaac Newton, Carl Friedrich Gauss, and Albert Einstein.

See Also

• List of mathematicians
• Mathematics
• History of mathematics
• Applied mathematics
• Pure mathematics

References

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Mathematician

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  Euclid
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  Noether
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  Occupations related to mathematics, WPA poster, ca. 1938