Masculinity

Masculinity refers to the social roles, behaviors, and meanings prescribed to men in any given society at any one time. As a construct, it is distinct from the definition of the male biological sex. Standards of manliness or masculinity vary across different cultures and historical periods.

Definition and identity

Masculinity is both a social construct and a form of gender identity. It is associated with men, but it can also be exhibited by women. The concept of masculinity varies historically and culturally; although the dandy was seen as a 19th-century ideal of masculinity, he is considered effeminate by modern standards.

Historical development

The historical development of masculinity has been a topic of debate in both sociology and psychology. Some argue that masculinity is linked to the male body; in this view, masculinity is associated with male genitalia. Others have suggested that although masculinity may be influenced by biology, it is also a cultural construct.

Masculinity in society

In many societies, men are traditionally expected to be tough, dominant, and aggressive. These traits are often associated with masculinity. However, these expectations can have negative effects on men's mental health.

Masculinity and health

Research has found that men who identify strongly with the traditional masculine norm of self-reliance have higher levels of stress, depression, and poor mental health.

See also

• Femininity
• Gender role
• Gender identity
• Gender studies
• Men's health

References

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