Manner

Manner is a term used in linguistics to describe the way in which an action is performed or a state is achieved. It can refer to the physical or mental method used to accomplish something, or the style or attitude with which it is done. Manner is often contrasted with means, which refers to the tools or resources used to achieve an end.

Definition

In linguistics, manner is defined as the way in which the articulatory organs of the speech apparatus are used to produce a speech sound. This can include aspects such as the position of the tongue and lips, the airflow through the vocal tract, and the vibration of the vocal cords. Manner is one of the main parameters used to classify consonants in the International Phonetic Alphabet.

Manner in Phonetics

In phonetics, manner of articulation refers to the configuration and interaction of the articulators (speech organs such as the tongue, lips, and palate) when making a speech sound. Some manners of articulation include stops, fricatives, and nasals, which have different manners of articulation.

Manner in Semantics

In semantics, manner is a type of adverb that provides information about the way in which an action is carried out. Manner adverbs can modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs, and they can provide information about a wide range of actions, from physical movements to mental processes.

Manner in Pragmatics

In pragmatics, manner is one of the Gricean maxims, proposed by philosopher H. P. Grice, which states that speakers should be clear, brief, and orderly in their communication, and avoid obscurity and ambiguity.

See also

• Articulatory phonetics
• Manner of articulation
• Gricean maxims

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