Macaque

Genus of Old World monkeys

The macaques (Macaca) are a genus of Old World monkeys of the subfamily Cercopithecinae. The 23 species of macaques are distributed across Asia, North Africa, and Gibraltar. They are highly adaptable and can thrive in a variety of habitats, from tropical rainforests to arid deserts.

Description

Macaques are medium to large-sized monkeys with robust bodies, long limbs, and short tails. Their fur is generally brown or black, and they have a characteristic facial structure with a prominent brow ridge and cheek pouches for storing food.

Macaque brain areas related to motor functions

Distribution and Habitat

Macaques are found in a wide range of environments. They inhabit tropical rainforests, mountainous regions, and even urban areas. The Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus) is the only species found outside Asia, residing in the mountains of North Africa and Gibraltar.

Macaque in a natural habitat

Behavior

Macaques are social animals that live in groups known as troops. These groups are typically hierarchical, with a dominant male leading the troop. They are known for their intelligence and complex social behaviors, including grooming, communication, and tool use.

Diet

Macaques are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of foods including fruits, leaves, seeds, and small animals. Their diet can vary significantly depending on their habitat and the availability of food resources.

Reproduction

Macaques have a gestation period of about six months, after which a single infant is usually born. The young are cared for by the mother and other members of the troop, and they develop rapidly, becoming independent within a year.

Arunachal macaque (Macaca munzala)

Conservation

Many species of macaques are threatened by habitat loss, hunting, and the illegal pet trade. Conservation efforts are in place to protect their habitats and ensure their survival.

Species

Some notable species of macaques include:

• Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)
• Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata)
• Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus)
• Crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis)

Related pages

• Old World monkey
• Primate
• Cercopithecidae

Distribution of the Arunachal macaque