MHC restriction
MHC Restriction
MHC restriction (pronunciation: em-aitch-see restriction) is a fundamental aspect of the immune response, specifically in the context of T cell recognition of antigens.
Etymology
The term "MHC" is an acronym for Major Histocompatibility Complex, a set of genes that code for proteins found on the surfaces of cells that help the immune system recognize foreign substances. "Restriction" refers to the specificity of T cell receptors (TCRs) for antigens only when they are bound to MHC molecules.
Definition
MHC restriction refers to the phenomenon where a T cell can only recognize an antigen when it is presented on the surface of a cell by a MHC molecule. This is a crucial part of the immune response, as it allows T cells to distinguish self from non-self, and to recognize and respond to infections.
Related Terms
- T cell: A type of white blood cell that is a key component of the immune system. T cells are responsible for a variety of immune responses, including the recognition of antigens presented by MHC molecules.
- Antigen: A substance that can induce an immune response. Antigens are typically foreign substances, such as bacteria or viruses, but can also be self-proteins in the case of autoimmune diseases.
- Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC): A set of genes that code for proteins found on the surfaces of cells that help the immune system recognize foreign substances. MHC molecules are crucial for the process of antigen presentation to T cells.
- Antigen Presentation: The process by which cells display antigens on their surface in conjunction with MHC molecules. This is a crucial step in the activation of T cells and the initiation of an immune response.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on MHC restriction
- Wikipedia's article - MHC restriction
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