Low-density lipoproteins
Low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) /loʊˈdɛnsɪtiː laɪpɵproʊtiːnz/ are a type of lipoprotein that transport cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to the body's tissues. They are often referred to as "bad cholesterol" due to their association with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
Etymology
The term "low-density lipoprotein" is derived from the fact that these molecules are less dense than other types of lipoproteins. The term "lipoprotein" comes from the Greek words "lipos" (fat) and "proteios" (primary), reflecting the fact that these molecules are composed of lipids and proteins.
Function
LDL particles are responsible for transporting cholesterol and triglycerides, which are types of fats, from the liver to the rest of the body. The body's cells take up these particles and use the fats they carry for various functions, such as producing hormones and building cell membranes.
Health implications
High levels of LDL in the blood can lead to the formation of plaque in the arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis. This can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. Therefore, maintaining healthy LDL levels is important for cardiovascular health.
Related terms
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL): Often referred to as "good cholesterol", HDL particles transport cholesterol from the body's tissues back to the liver.
- Cholesterol: A type of fat that is essential for many bodily functions, but can be harmful in excess.
- Triglycerides: Another type of fat that is carried in the blood by lipoproteins.
- Atherosclerosis: A disease in which plaque builds up inside the arteries, narrowing them and potentially leading to heart disease or stroke.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Low-density lipoproteins
- Wikipedia's article - Low-density lipoproteins
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