Loess
Loess
Loess (pronounced: /lʌs/ or /loʊ.ɛs/) is a type of sediment composed predominantly of silt-sized particles. It is formed by the accumulation of wind-blown dust and is usually yellowish or brown in color.
Etymology
The term "loess" is derived from the German word "Löss", which means "loose" or "crumbly". It was first used in this context by the Austrian geologist Karl Cäsar von Leonhard in 1821 to describe the sedimentary deposits found in the Rhine Valley.
Formation
Loess is formed by the accumulation of wind-blown dust known as aeolian sediments. These sediments are often derived from glacial outwash plains, where the fine-grained materials are easily picked up by the wind and transported over long distances. The loess deposits are typically homogeneous and highly porous, allowing them to hold water and support vegetation.
Distribution
Loess deposits are found in many parts of the world, including the Great Plains of North America, the Pampas of Argentina, the North China Plain, and large parts of Europe. They are often associated with past glacial activity and can cover large areas.
Related Terms
- Aeolian processes: The wind's ability to shape the surface of the Earth, through erosion, transportation, and deposition of sediment.
- Glacial outwash: Sediment deposited by meltwater from a glacier.
- Silt: Granular material of a size between sand and clay, whose mineral origin is quartz and feldspar.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Loess
- Wikipedia's article - Loess
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