Liver X receptor alpha

Liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), also known as NR1H3 (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 3), is a nuclear receptor that in humans is encoded by the NR1H3 gene. It is one of the two forms of liver X receptor, the other being LXRβ.

Function

LXRα is a member of the nuclear receptor family of transcription factors. It is activated by certain lipids, particularly oxysterols, which are oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol. Upon activation, LXRα regulates the expression of gene networks controlling lipid metabolism, inflammation, and cholesterol homeostasis. It plays a crucial role in maintaining cholesterol and lipid homeostasis in the body.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the function of LXRα have been implicated in several human diseases, including atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and certain types of cancer. In atherosclerosis, LXRα activation can reduce the disease progression by promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophages. In Alzheimer's disease, LXRα may play a role in the regulation of amyloid-beta production and clearance. In cancer, LXRα has been shown to inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in certain types of cancer cells.

See also

• Liver X receptor
• Nuclear receptor
• Cholesterol homeostasis
• Lipid metabolism

References

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