List of modes of mechanical ventilation by category

Modes of Mechanical Ventilation are diverse and categorized based on various factors such as timing, cycling mechanisms, control variables, and levels of ventilatory support. Mechanical ventilation is a critical component in the management of patients with respiratory failure or those requiring respiratory support during surgery. This article provides an overview of the different modes of mechanical ventilation, categorized for ease of understanding.

Categories of Mechanical Ventilation Modes

Volume-Controlled Ventilation (VCV)

In Volume-Controlled Ventilation, the ventilator delivers a preset tidal volume (VT) to the patient. The primary control variable is volume. The pressure varies with each breath depending on the patient's lung compliance and airway resistance.

• Assist-Control Ventilation (ACV)
• Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV)
• Volume Control Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (VC-CMV)

Pressure-Controlled Ventilation (PCV)

Pressure-Controlled Ventilation involves the ventilator delivering breaths at a preset pressure for a specific time. The volume delivered varies based on the patient's lung compliance and airway resistance.

• Pressure Control Ventilation Continuous Mandatory Ventilation (PC-CMV)
• Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)
• Pressure Regulated Volume Control (PRVC)

Dual/Combined Modes

These modes combine aspects of both volume and pressure control, aiming to optimize the benefits of both.

• Adaptive Support Ventilation (ASV)
• Intelligent Ventilation modes such as SmartCare/PS, INTELLiVENT-ASV

High-Frequency Ventilation (HFV)

High-Frequency Ventilation uses very high respiratory rates and very small tidal volumes. It's typically used in specific situations like ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) or in pediatric/neonatal care.

• High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV)
• High-Frequency Jet Ventilation (HFJV)

Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV)

Non-Invasive Ventilation does not use an invasive artificial airway (endotracheal or tracheostomy tube) and includes modes like CPAP and BiPAP.

• Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)
• Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP)

Selection Criteria

The selection of a mechanical ventilation mode is based on the patient's respiratory mechanics, gas exchange goals, and the clinician's familiarity with the mode. It's crucial to monitor the patient's response and adjust settings as needed.

See Also

• Respiratory Therapy
• Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
• Pulmonary Function Testing

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