Liquidambar orientalis

Liquidambar orientalis, commonly known as the Oriental sweetgum, is a deciduous tree native to the eastern Mediterranean region, particularly in southwestern Turkey and the Greek island of Rhodes. It is a member of the family Altingiaceae, which includes other species of sweetgum trees.

Description

Liquidambar orientalis is a medium-sized tree that can grow up to 30 meters in height. The tree is characterized by its deeply lobed, star-shaped leaves, which are reminiscent of those of the maple tree. In autumn, the leaves turn a brilliant array of colors, ranging from yellow to deep red, making it a popular ornamental tree.

The bark of L. orientalis is grayish-brown and deeply furrowed, providing a distinctive texture. The tree produces small, inconspicuous flowers in spring, which are followed by spiky, spherical fruit capsules that contain numerous seeds.

Habitat and Distribution

Liquidambar orientalis is primarily found in the floodplain forests and along riverbanks in its native range. It thrives in moist, well-drained soils and is often associated with other riparian species. The tree is adapted to a Mediterranean climate, with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters.

Uses

The Oriental sweetgum is valued for its aromatic resin, known as storax or styrax, which has been used historically in perfumery, incense, and traditional medicine. The resin is extracted by making incisions in the bark and collecting the exudate.

In addition to its resin, L. orientalis is also cultivated as an ornamental tree in parks and gardens due to its attractive foliage and autumn colors.

Conservation Status

Liquidambar orientalis is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List due to habitat loss and degradation. The primary threats to its habitat include agricultural expansion, urbanization, and the construction of dams, which alter the natural hydrology of its native regions.

Also see

• Liquidambar styraciflua
• Altingiaceae
• Deciduous trees
• Mediterranean flora