Ligneous conjunctivitis

Ligneous conjunctivitis
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Synonyms	Conjunctivitis lignosa<ref> Orphanet: Ligneous conjunctivitis(link). www.orpha.net. </ref>
Pronounce
Field	ophthalmology
Symptoms
Complications
Onset
Duration
Types
Causes
Risks
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Prevention
Treatment
Medication
Prognosis
Frequency
Deaths

Ligneous conjunctivitis is a rare form of chronic conjunctivitis characterized by recurrent, fibrin-rich pseudomembranous lesions of wood-like consistency that develop mainly on the underside of the eyelid (tarsal conjunctiva).<ref name=pubmed>,

 Ligneous conjunctivitis, 
 Survey of Ophthalmology, 
 2003,
 Vol. 48(Issue: 4),
 pp. 369–388,
 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-6257(03)00056-0,
 PMID: 12850227,</ref> It is generally a systemic disease which may involve the periodontal tissue, the upper and lower respiratory tract, kidneys, middle ear, and female genitalia.<ref name=Orpha>

Ligneous conjunctivitis(link). {{{website}}}. Orphanet.

</ref> It can be sight-threatening,<ref name=Orpha/> and death can occasionally occur from pulmonary involvement. ^{(July 2012)}

It has been speculated hola ligneous conjunctivitis may be a manifestation of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) involving the conjunctiva.<ref>,

 Co-existing ligneous conjunctivitis and IgG4-related disease, 
 Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, 
 
 Vol. 64(Issue: 7),
 pp. 532–534,
 DOI: 10.4103/0301-4738.190154,
 PMID: 27609168,
 PMC: 5026081,
 
 Full text,</ref>

Pathogenesis

Histopathological findings from affected humans indicate that wound healing is impaired due to a deficiency in plasmin-mediated extracellular fibrinolysis.<ref name=pubmed/> Episodes may be triggered by minor trauma, eye surgery, or by systemic events such as infections or antifibrinolytic therapy.<ref name=Orpha/> Histology shows amorphous subepithelial deposits of eosinophilic material consisting predominantly of fibrin.

Treatment

Ligneous conjunctivitis may be managed by topical treatments of plasminogen,<ref name=pubmed/> topical and subconjunctival fresh frozen plasma,<ref name=pubmed/> and fibrinolytic therapy.<ref>

Ligneous Conjunctivitis(link). {{{website}}}. Ocular Pathology.

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