Lepra

Lepra is a term used in the medical field to refer to a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, an acid-fast, rod-shaped bacillus. The disease mainly affects the skin, the peripheral nerves, mucosa of the upper respiratory tract and also the eyes, apart from some other structures.

Etymology

The term "lepra" is derived from the Greek word λέπρα, from λεπίς, "scale". It was used in ancient times to denote various skin diseases.

Symptoms

Lepra, also known as Leprosy, presents a wide range of symptoms. The disease can affect the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose (nasal mucosa). With early diagnosis and treatment, the disease can be managed and health complications can be averted.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of lepra is typically based on the clinical signs and symptoms. The presence of acid-fast bacilli on a skin smear or biopsy is indicative of lepra.

Treatment

The treatment for lepra involves a long-term course of multi-drug therapy (MDT). The World Health Organization provides the MDT free of charge to all patients worldwide.

See also

• Mycobacterium leprae
• Leprosy
• Skin biopsy