KCNJ4

KCNJ4 also known as Potassium Inwardly-Rectifying Channel, Subfamily J, Member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNJ4 gene. It is a member of the potassium channel family of proteins, which are integral membrane proteins that establish the resting membrane potential, shape action potentials, and regulate the overall excitability of neurons.

Function

The KCNJ4 protein is part of the potassium channel, inwardly rectifying subfamily J (Kir). These channels are responsible for regulating potassium flow into cells, a process that is critical for maintaining the normal function of the heart and nervous system. The KCNJ4 channel is predominantly expressed in the brain and heart, where it plays a key role in controlling the electrical activity of these organs.

Structure

The KCNJ4 protein is composed of two identical subunits, each of which has two transmembrane domains and a pore region. The pore region is responsible for potassium selectivity and conductance, while the transmembrane domains are involved in gating and modulation of the channel.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the KCNJ4 gene have been associated with certain types of cardiac arrhythmia, including atrial fibrillation and long QT syndrome. These conditions can lead to life-threatening irregular heart rhythms. Research is ongoing to develop drugs that can modulate the activity of KCNJ4 and other potassium channels as a treatment for these and other diseases.

See also

• Potassium channel
• Inwardly rectifying potassium channel
• KCNJ2
• KCNJ12

External links

• KCNJ4 at the National Center for Biotechnology Information

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