James Joseph Magennis

James Joseph Magennis (27 October 1919 – 12 February 1986) was a Royal Navy submariner and a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

Early Life

James Joseph Magennis was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland. He joined the Royal Navy in 1935 at the age of 16. Magennis initially served on surface ships before volunteering for submarine service in 1942.

Military Career

Magennis served aboard several submarines during World War II. He was a member of the crew of the midget submarine HMS XE3, which was involved in a daring operation against the Japanese cruiser Takao in Singapore Harbour in July 1945.

Operation Struggle

In July 1945, Magennis was part of a mission known as Operation Struggle. The objective was to disable the Japanese heavy cruiser Takao, which was moored in Singapore Harbour. Magennis was the diver responsible for attaching limpet mines to the hull of the cruiser.

Despite the dangers of the mission, including the risk of detection and the presence of anti-submarine nets, Magennis successfully attached the mines. During the operation, he encountered difficulties with the limpet mines and had to return to the hull to make adjustments, displaying exceptional bravery and determination.

Victoria Cross Award

For his actions during Operation Struggle, Magennis was awarded the Victoria Cross. The citation for his award highlighted his "great courage and devotion to duty" in the face of extreme danger.

Later Life

After the war, Magennis returned to civilian life. He faced challenges in adjusting to post-war life and struggled with financial difficulties. Despite these challenges, he remained a celebrated war hero.

Legacy

James Joseph Magennis is remembered as a courageous and dedicated serviceman. His actions during Operation Struggle are commemorated in various memorials and his story continues to inspire.

Also see

• Victoria Cross
• Royal Navy
• World War II
• HMS XE3
• Operation Struggle