Isopentenyl pyrophosphate
Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (pronunciation: eye-so-pen-ten-ill pie-ro-fos-fate), also known as IPP, is a crucial compound in the field of biochemistry. It is an intermediate in the production of terpenes and terpenoids, which are large classes of plant metabolites.
Etymology
The term "Isopentenyl pyrophosphate" is derived from its chemical structure. "Iso" refers to the isomer form, "pentenyl" refers to the five-carbon chain with a double bond, and "pyrophosphate" refers to the presence of a pyrophosphate group.
Biochemical Role
Isopentenyl pyrophosphate is a key intermediate in the mevalonate pathway, which is responsible for the synthesis of terpenes, terpenoids, and steroids. It is also involved in the non-mevalonate pathway, also known as the methylerythritol phosphate pathway.
Synthesis
Isopentenyl pyrophosphate is synthesized from acetyl-CoA via the mevalonate pathway in animals, fungi, and some bacteria. In plants, algae, and some bacteria, it is produced via the methylerythritol phosphate pathway.
Related Compounds
Related compounds include dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP), which is isomerized from IPP by the enzyme isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Isopentenyl pyrophosphate
- Wikipedia's article - Isopentenyl pyrophosphate
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