Iontophoresis

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Iontophoresis

Iontophoresis (pronounced: ahy-on-tuh-fohr-ee-sis) is a non-invasive method of propelling high concentrations of a charged substance, normally medication or bioactive agents, transdermally by repulsive electromotive force using a small electrical charge applied to an iontophoretic chamber containing a similarly charged active agent and its vehicle.

Etymology

The term "Iontophoresis" is derived from the Greek words ion (meaning 'to go') and phoresis (meaning 'carrier'). It was first described in the early 20th century as a method to transport ionic species.

Related Terms

Usage

Iontophoresis is used in physical therapy for the delivery of drugs and for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. It is also used in the treatment of hyperhidrosis, a condition characterized by excessive sweating.

Mechanism

The mechanism of iontophoresis involves the movement of ions across the skin using an applied electric field. This is achieved by placing the drug solution in a reservoir between the skin and an electrode of the same charge as the drug ions. When the electric field is applied, the drug ions are repelled into the skin.

Advantages

The main advantage of iontophoresis is that it allows for the non-invasive delivery of drugs, avoiding the discomfort and potential complications of injections. It also allows for controlled delivery, with the rate of drug delivery being proportional to the current applied.

Disadvantages

The main disadvantage of iontophoresis is that it can only be used with drugs that are charged and soluble in water. It can also cause skin irritation in some patients.

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