Ion exchange

Ion exchange is a chemical reaction where ions are exchanged between two electrolytes or between an electrolyte solution and a complex. In most cases, the term is used to denote the processes of purification, separation, and decontamination of aqueous and other ion-containing solutions with solid polymeric or mineralic 'ion exchangers'.

History

The concept of ion exchange has been known since antiquity, but it was not until the 19th century that it was scientifically investigated. The first to do so was Robert Gans, who studied the interaction of soil particles with salt solutions. His work laid the foundation for the development of modern ion exchange technology.

Process

Ion exchange involves the exchange of ions between two electrolytes or between an electrolyte solution and a complex. This is typically achieved using a resin, which is a solid and highly porous material. The resin is usually in the form of small beads, and is packed into a column through which the solution is passed.

Applications

Ion exchange is used in a wide range of applications, including water purification, mining, and food processing. It is also used in the production of high-purity water for use in the electronics industry, and in the treatment of radioactive waste.

See also

• Electrolyte
• Resin
• Water purification
• Mining
• Food processing

References

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  Ion exchange resin beads

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  Cation and anion ion exchange