Internal carotid plexus

Internal Carotid Plexus

The Internal Carotid Plexus (ICP) is a network of nerves located in the neck, specifically around the internal carotid artery. It is part of the autonomic nervous system, which controls involuntary body functions such as heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, urination, and sexual arousal.

Anatomy

The Internal Carotid Plexus is situated on the lateral side of the internal carotid artery. It is formed by the superior cervical ganglion, a part of the sympathetic trunk. The plexus extends from the base of the skull to the level of the angle of the mandible.

Diagram showing the course of the sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion to the eye. (Internal carotid plexus labeled at center right.)

Function

The ICP provides sympathetic innervation to structures within the head, including the eye, lacrimal gland, parotid gland, mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and pharynx, and the blood vessels of the brain.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the Internal Carotid Plexus can result in a range of symptoms, including Horner's syndrome, which is characterized by drooping of the eyelid, constriction of the pupil, and absence of sweating on the affected side of the face.

See Also

• Carotid artery
• Sympathetic nervous system
• Superior cervical ganglion