Interleukin-17 receptor

Interleukin-17 receptor

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Structure of the Interleukin-17 receptor complex.

The Interleukin-17 receptor (IL-17R) is a type of cytokine receptor that binds to the Interleukin-17 (IL-17) family of cytokines. These receptors are critical components of the immune system, playing a key role in the inflammatory response and in the defense against pathogens.

Structure

The IL-17 receptor family consists of five members, designated as IL-17RA, IL-17RB, IL-17RC, IL-17RD, and IL-17RE. These receptors are characterized by a conserved SEFIR (similar expression to fibroblast growth factor genes and IL-17R) domain, which is essential for signal transduction.

Function

IL-17 receptors are primarily expressed on epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. Upon binding to their ligands, these receptors activate downstream signaling pathways, including the NF-kB and MAPK pathways, leading to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. This response is crucial for recruiting neutrophils and other immune cells to sites of infection or injury.

Role in Disease

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Detailed view of the IL-17 receptor binding site.

Dysregulation of IL-17 receptor signaling has been implicated in various autoimmune diseases, such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Overactivation of IL-17R can lead to excessive inflammation and tissue damage, while underactivation can result in increased susceptibility to infections.

Therapeutic Target

Given its role in inflammatory diseases, the IL-17 receptor is a target for therapeutic intervention. Monoclonal antibodies that inhibit IL-17 or its receptor are being developed and used to treat conditions like psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis.

Related pages

• Interleukin-17
• Cytokine receptor
• Autoimmune disease
• Inflammation