Infibulation

Infibulation

Infibulation is a form of female genital mutilation (FGM) that involves the removal of the clitoris, the labia minora, and the inner surface of the labia majora. The two sides of the vulva are then stitched together to create a small hole for the passage of urine and menstrual blood. This procedure is often performed on girls before puberty and can lead to serious health complications.

Infibulated vulva after partial incision

History

Infibulation has been practiced for thousands of years in various cultures around the world. It is most commonly associated with certain African, Middle Eastern, and Asian cultures. The practice is often rooted in cultural beliefs about purity, modesty, and aesthetics.

Procedure

The procedure is usually performed by a traditional circumciser using a blade or razor, with or without anesthesia. The girl's legs are often bound together to immobilize her for 2 to 6 weeks, allowing the formation of scar tissue.

Health effects

Infibulation can lead to severe health complications, including chronic pain, infections, increased risk of childbirth complications and newborn deaths, and psychological consequences. It is internationally recognized as a violation of human rights of girls and women.

Legislation

Many countries have laws against FGM, including infibulation. The World Health Organization (WHO) strongly urges health professionals not to perform such procedures.

See also

• Female genital mutilation
• Human rights
• World Health Organization