Inbreeding
Inbreeding
Inbreeding (/ɪnˈbriːdɪŋ/) is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically.
Etymology
The term "inbreeding" comes from the English words "in" and "breed". The first known use of the term was in 1597.
Definition
Inbreeding is a form of breeding where two genetically related individuals are mated together. This can lead to an increase in the chances of offspring being affected by recessive or deleterious traits. This practice is often seen in animal breeding - such as in dogs, horses, and livestock - to maintain purebred lines. However, it can also occur in natural populations when the size of the population is small, leading to a reduced gene pool.
Related Terms
- Coancestry: The measure of how closely two individuals are related. Inbreeding is a form of coancestry.
- Inbreeding depression: The reduced biological fitness in a given population as a result of inbreeding.
- Outbreeding: The practice of introducing unrelated genetic material into a breeding line to increase genetic diversity.
- Pedigree: A recorded ancestry, especially upper-class ancestry, which may be used as a documentation of inbreeding or as a means to avoid it.
- Genetic diversity: The total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species, providing a buffer against extinction.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Inbreeding
- Wikipedia's article - Inbreeding
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