In situ hybridization

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In situ hybridization (in situ meaning "in its original place" in Latin) is a type of hybridization that uses a labeled complementary DNA, RNA or modified nucleic acids strand (i.e., probe) to localize a specific DNA or RNA sequence in a portion or section of tissue (in situ) or if the tissue is small enough (e.g., plant seeds, Drosophila embryos), in the entire tissue (whole mount ISH), in cells, and in circulating tumor cells (CTCs). This is distinct from immunohistochemistry, which usually localizes proteins in tissue sections.

Pronunciation

In situ hybridization is pronounced as /ɪn ˈsaɪtuː ˌhaɪbrɪdɪˈzeɪʃən/.

Etymology

The term "in situ" is Latin for "in its original place". "Hybridization" comes from the Latin "hybrida" meaning the offspring of two dissimilar parents or stock.

Related Terms

  • Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH): A molecular cytogenetic technique that uses fluorescent probes that bind to only those parts of a nucleic acid sequence with a high degree of sequence complementarity. It was developed by biomedical researchers in the early 1980s and is used to detect and localize the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences on chromosomes.
  • Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH): A method used to visualize the presence of specific DNA sequences in cells through the use of specific probes and a color reaction.
  • RNA in situ hybridization: A technique used to visualize RNA (mRNA, lncRNA and miRNA) in tissue sections or cell preparations.

See Also

External links

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