Icodextrin

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Icodextrin

Icodextrin (pronounced eye-koh-DEX-trin) is a colloid osmotic agent primarily used in peritoneal dialysis to draw fluid and waste products from the bloodstream into the peritoneal cavity. It is a glucose polymer derived from maltodextrin.

Etymology

The term "Icodextrin" is derived from the Greek word "ikos" meaning twenty, and "dextrin", a term used to describe a group of low-molecular-weight carbohydrates produced from the hydrolysis of starch.

Usage

Icodextrin is used in the form of a solution for peritoneal dialysis, a treatment for patients with severe chronic kidney disease. The solution is introduced into the peritoneal cavity, and due to its high molecular weight, it remains in the cavity for a longer period compared to glucose-based solutions, allowing for a longer dwell time and more efficient removal of waste products.

Related Terms

  • Peritoneal Dialysis: A type of dialysis that uses the peritoneum in a person's abdomen as the membrane through which fluid and waste products are exchanged with the blood.
  • Maltodextrin: A polysaccharide that is used as a food additive. It is produced from starch by partial hydrolysis and is usually found as a white hygroscopic spray-dried powder.
  • Colloid Osmotic Agent: Substances that increase the osmotic pressure of a solution, drawing water into that solution from the surrounding tissues.

Side Effects

Like all medicines, Icodextrin can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. Some common side effects include rash, abdominal pain, infection of the peritoneum (peritonitis), and high blood sugar (hyperglycemia).

See Also

External links

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