Hyperaldosteronism

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Hyperaldosteronism
Synonyms	Aldosteronism
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Hypertension, hypokalemia, muscle weakness, fatigue, headache
Complications	Cardiovascular disease, stroke, kidney damage
Onset	Typically adulthood
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Primary hyperaldosteronism, secondary hyperaldosteronism
Risks	Genetic predisposition, obesity, high-sodium diet
Diagnosis	Blood test, urine test, imaging studies
Differential diagnosis	Hypertension, Cushing's syndrome, renal artery stenosis
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Spironolactone, eplerenone, surgery
Medication	Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	5-10% of hypertension cases
Deaths	N/A

Hyperaldosteronism is a medical condition where the adrenal glands produce too much of the hormone aldosterone. This can lead to a variety of symptoms and health problems, including high blood pressure and low potassium levels. There are two main types of hyperaldosteronism: primary and secondary.

Primary Hyperaldosteronism

Primary hyperaldosteronism, also known as Conn's syndrome, is caused by a problem with one or both of the adrenal glands. This could be due to an adrenal adenoma (a benign tumor), hyperplasia (an enlargement of the adrenal glands), or, rarely, adrenal cancer.

Secondary Hyperaldosteronism

Secondary hyperaldosteronism is caused by something outside of the adrenal glands that leads to excess aldosterone production. This could be due to conditions like kidney disease, heart failure, or certain types of liver disease.

Symptoms

The symptoms of hyperaldosteronism can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. Common symptoms can include:

• High blood pressure
• Fatigue
• Headache
• Muscle weakness
• Increased thirst and urination

Diagnosis

Hyperaldosteronism is diagnosed through a series of tests, including blood tests, urine tests, and imaging tests. These tests can help to determine the level of aldosterone in the body and identify any potential causes.

Treatment

The treatment for hyperaldosteronism depends on the underlying cause. This can include medication to lower aldosterone levels, lifestyle changes like a low-sodium diet, or surgery to remove an adrenal tumor or to treat the underlying cause.

See Also

• Adrenal gland
• Aldosterone
• High blood pressure
• Kidney disease
• Heart failure

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