Hydroxycarbamide

Hydroxycarbamide (Hydroxyurea)

Hydroxyurea capsules, commonly used in the treatment of certain blood disorders and cancers.

Hydroxycarbamide, also known as hydroxyurea, is a medication widely used in the treatment of various diseases, including sickle-cell disease, essential thrombocythemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and cervical cancer.

Medical Uses

Hydroxycarbamide is employed in the management of:

• Sickle-cell disease: Increases fetal hemoglobin levels and reduces the frequency of pain attacks.
• Essential thrombocythemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia: Helps in controlling the overproduction of blood cells.
• Cervical cancer: Used as a part of chemotherapeutic regimens.

Mechanism of Action

Diagram illustrating the mechanism of action of hydroxyurea.

Hydroxycarbamide works by inhibiting ribonucleotide reductase, an enzyme crucial for DNA synthesis. This action helps in reducing the proliferation of rapidly dividing cells.

History

Hydroxycarbamide was first approved for medical use in the United States in 1967. It represented a significant advancement in the treatment of certain blood disorders and cancers.

Availability and Essential Medicine Status

The WHO has listed hydroxycarbamide on its List of Essential Medicines.

It is included in the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, highlighting its importance in a health system. Hydroxycarbamide is available as a generic medication, making it accessible and affordable.

External Links

• World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines
• National Cancer Institute - Hydroxyurea

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