Hydroxide
Hydroxide
Hydroxide (pronounced: /ˈhaɪdrɒksaɪd/) is a chemical compound that contains the hydroxide ion (OH−). The term hydroxide is derived from the Greek words 'hydro' meaning water and 'oxide' meaning to combine with oxygen.
Etymology
The term 'hydroxide' is derived from the Greek words 'hydro' meaning water and 'oxide' meaning to combine with oxygen. It was first used in the early 19th century to describe the chemical compound formed when hydrogen and oxygen combine with a metal.
Chemical Properties
Hydroxide is a negatively charged ion, or anion, that consists of one hydrogen atom bonded to one oxygen atom. It is an important but usually minor constituent of water. Hydroxides are generally alkaline, or basic, and are able to neutralize acids.
Related Terms
- Base: A substance that can accept hydrogen ions (protons) or, more generally, donate pairs of electrons. Hydroxides are a type of base.
- Alkali: A type of base that dissolves in water. Many hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide, are alkalis.
- pH: A measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution. Hydroxides can increase the pH of a solution, making it more basic.
Uses
Hydroxides have many uses in both industry and everyday life. They are used in the manufacture of soap, paper, and various chemicals. They are also used in water treatment to neutralize acidic water.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hydroxide
- Wikipedia's article - Hydroxide
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