Human Development Index
Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical tool used to measure a country's overall achievement in its social and economic dimensions. The social and economic dimensions of a country are based on the health of people, their level of education attainment and their standard of living.
Pronunciation
- Hyoo-muh n De-vel-op-ment In-dex
Etymology
The term "Human Development Index" was first used in the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in 1990. The concept was developed by Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq and Indian economist Amartya Sen.
Definition
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living.
Health
Health is measured by life expectancy at birth, which is obtained from life tables.
Education
Education is measured by mean of years of schooling for adults aged 25 years and more and expected years of schooling for children of school entering age.
Standard of Living
Standard of living is measured by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita expressed in constant 2011 international dollars converted using purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion rates.
Related Terms
See Also
- List of countries by Human Development Index
- Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
- Multidimensional Poverty Index
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